- #Sqlite debug with db browser for sqlite software#
- #Sqlite debug with db browser for sqlite code#
- #Sqlite debug with db browser for sqlite password#
In a sense, the DDL commands are similar to C header files. This field is the DDL (Data Definition Language) used to describe the object. The part that is of special interest to us is the sql column. sqlite_master and DDLĮvery SQLite database has a sqlite_master table that defines the schema for the database and all of its objects (such as tables, views, indices, etc.).
Part of this process is verifying that all relevant objects (like tables or views) actually exist and locating them in the master schema. “The SELECT statement is the most complicated command in the SQL language.”Īlthough we have no control over the query itself (as it is hardcoded in our target), studying the SELECT process carefully will prove beneficial in our quest for exploitation.Īs SQLite3 is a virtual machine, every SQL statement must first be compiled into a byte-code program using one of the sqlite3_prepare* routines.Īmong other operations, the prepare function walks and expands all SELECT subqueries. Things get more interesting as we start querying the database. Our surface is mainly the header parsing which is battle-tested against AFL.
#Sqlite debug with db browser for sqlite code#
The initial loading done by sqlite3_open is actually a very limited surface it is basically a lot of setup and configuration code for opening the database. Given the fact that we control the database and its content, the attack surface available to us can be divided into two parts: The load and initial parsing of our database, and the SELECT query performed against it.
#Sqlite debug with db browser for sqlite password#
The following snippet is a fairly generic example of a password stealer backend. A complete SQL database with multiple tables, indices, triggers, and views is contained within a single disk file. SQLite reads and writes directly to ordinary disk files. Unlike most other SQL databases, SQLite does not have a separate server process. SQLite is built into all mobile phones and most computers and comes bundled inside countless other applications that people use every day. SQLite is the most used database engine in the world. SQLite is a C-language library that implements a small, fast, self-contained, high-reliability, full-featured, SQL database engine. The chances are high that you are currently using SQLite, even if you are unaware of it. is all the motivation we needed, and so our journey began.
#Sqlite debug with db browser for sqlite software#
Such capabilities could have much bigger implications in countless scenarios, as SQLite is one of the most widely deployed pieces of software out there.Ī surprisingly complex code base, available in almost any device imaginable. Skimming through the leaked source code of such password stealers, we started speculating about the attack surface described above.Ĭan we leverage the load and query of an untrusted database to our advantage? It is not uncommon for client software to use SQLite databases for such purposes.Īfter the malware collects these SQLite files, it sends them to its C2 server where they are parsed using PHP and stored in a collective database containing all of the stolen credentials. While there are plenty of password stealers out there ( Azorult, Loki Bot, and Pony to name a few), their modus operandi is mostly the same:Ī computer gets infected, and the malware either captures credentials as they are used or collects stored credentials maintained by various clients. This research started when omriher and I were looking at the leaked source code of some notorious password stealers. Welcome to the brave new world of using the familiar Structured Query Language for exploitation primitives. Furthermore, many of the primitives presented here are not exclusive to SQLite and can be ported to other SQL engines. Given the fact that SQLite is practically built-in to every major OS, desktop or mobile, the landscape and opportunities are endless.
We hope that by releasing our research and methodology, the security research community will be inspired to continue to examine SQLite in the countless scenarios where it is available. We demonstrate these techniques a couple of real-world scenarios: pwning a password stealer backend server, and achieving iOS persistency with higher privileges. Using our innovative techniques of Query Hijacking and Query Oriented Programming, we proved it is possible to reliably exploit memory corruptions issues in the SQLite engine. In our long term research, we experimented with the exploitation of memory corruption issues within SQLite without relying on any environment other than the SQL language. We believe that this is just the tip of the iceberg. However, from a security perspective, it has only been examined through the lens of WebSQL and browser exploitation. SQLite is one of the most deployed software in the world. SELECT code_execution FROM * USING SQLite ĪugGaining code execution using a malicious SQLite database
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